Depression & Mood Disorders

Major Depression 

• Clinical Definition: Severe mood disorder with persistent sadness and lack of interest.
• Layman’s Definition: Ongoing sadness that interferes with everyday life.
• Common Symptoms: Hopelessness, fatigue, sleep/appetite changes, suicidal thoughts.

Recurring Depression 

• Clinical Definition: Repeated episodes of major depression over time.
• Layman’s Definition: Depression that comes and goes throughout life.
• Common Symptoms: Cycles of sadness, energy loss, and lack of motivation.

Dysthymia (Persistent Depressive Disorder) 

• Clinical Definition: Low-level depression lasting two years or more.
• Layman’s Definition: A constant low mood that doesn’t go away.
• Common Symptoms: Irritability, low energy, chronic sadness.

Bipolar Disorder 

• Clinical Definition: Mood disorder with alternating manic and depressive episodes.
• Layman’s Definition: High-energy periods followed by deep lows.
• Common Symptoms: Mood swings, impulsivity, sleep issues.

Situational Depression 

• Clinical Definition: Depression triggered by a life event, short-term.
• Layman’s Definition: Feeling down after a major change or loss.
• Common Symptoms: Sadness, worry, sleep disruption.

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) 

• Clinical Definition: Depression triggered by seasonal changes, typically winter.
• Layman’s Definition: Feeling sad or tired during darker seasons.
• Common Symptoms: Fatigue, low mood, sleep problems.

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD) 

• Clinical Definition: Childhood disorder marked by severe temper outbursts.
• Layman’s Definition: Kids who regularly have extreme tantrums and irritability.
• Common Symptoms: Mood swings, aggression, constant anger.